a collective organized vibration or excitation of atoms in a periodic lattice

A 'phonon' is a collective organized vibration or excitation of atoms in a periodic lattice.

quasiparticles that represent the collective vibrational modes of atoms in a crystalline lattice

Phonons are quasiparticles that represent the collective vibrational modes of atoms in a crystalline lattice.

a quantum mechanical description of a special type of vibrational motion, in which a lattice uniformly oscillates at the same frequency

A phonon is a quantum mechanical description of a special type of vibrational motion, in which a lattice uniformly oscillates at the same frequency.

a quantum of energy associated with a sound wave and optical tweezers

A phonon is a quantum of energy associated with a sound wave and optical tweezers test the limits of quantum effects in isolation and eliminates physical disturbances from the surrounding environment.

vibrational quanta

The electrons are to a larhe extent quantal while the motion of the heavier nuclei gives rise to vibrational quanta called phonons, which can sometimes be described using classical dynamics.

lattice vibrations

In some superconductors, electrons move in Cooper pairs, in which their motion is coupled to nearby matter via lattice vibrations called phonons.

as ‘‘a quantum of lattice vibration

A phonon often is described as ‘‘a quantum of lattice vibration,’’

quantum particles

Phonons are quantum particles that describe the thermal conductivity of a material.

collective waves called phonons

In a one-dimensional crystal, atoms vibrate about their equilibrium positions, creating collective waves called phonons.

Collective vibrations in a crystal,

Collective vibrations in a crystal, called phonons, are a type of Nambu-Goldstone boson.

a lattice vibration, or rather a small, harmonic kinetic movement of the atoms of the material

A phonon is essentially a lattice vibration, or rather a small, harmonic kinetic movement of the atoms of the material.

Atomic vibrations known as phonons

These atomic vibrations, known as phonons, occur at different frequencies, or modes.

acoustical vibrations

Longer wavelength (low frequency) phonons are exactly those acoustical vibrations which are considered in the theory of sound.

particles of heat and sound

That’s because researchers consider them to be cousins: Photons are particles of light, and phonons are particles of heat and sound.

The vibrations of materials due to heat, which cause electrical resistance in materials,

The vibrations of materials due to heat, which cause electrical resistance in materials, are called phonons.

a particle of vibrational energy

Just as a photon is a particle of light energy, a phonon is a particle of vibrational energy.

packets of vibrational energy emitted by jittery atoms

First proposed by Albert Einstein in 1907, phonons are packets of vibrational energy emitted by jittery atoms.

thermally stimulated lattice vibrations

Phonons are an expression of the thermally stimulated lattice vibrations and such strongly dependent on temperature.

just a fancy word for a particle of heat

In a sense, then, “phonon” is just a fancy word for a particle of heat.

the quanta of lattice vibrations with frequencies covering a wide range up to tens of THz

Phonons are the quanta of lattice vibrations with frequencies covering a wide range up to tens of THz and provide coupling to the surrounding environment.