those that involve redundant premises

The second class of paradox are those that involve redundant premises, falsely suggesting that we know the succedent because of the antecedent: thus 'if that man gets elected, granny will die' is materially true if granny happens to be in the last stages of a terminal illness, regardless of the man's election prospects.

in retrofit

A second paradox is found in retrofit, an apparent ontological oxymoron that attempts to bridge temporality from the present to the future and yet ultimately reveals that infrastructural solidity, in material and symbolic terms, is more apparent than actual.

causal loops

In physics, temporal paradoxes fall into two broad groups: consistency paradoxes exemplified by the grandfather paradox; and causal loops.

that of sterile reiteration or doubling

The second paradox is that of sterile reiteration or doubling: one can avoid the infinite regress by extracting sense as the mere double of a proposition, but at the price of catapulting us into a third paradox of neutrality or sterility—sense is necessarily neutral with regard to the various modes of the proposition: quality (affirmation, negation), quantity (all, some, none), relation, and modality (possibility, reality, necessity).

falsidical ones

The second sort of paradox, falsidical ones are those, such as fallacious proofs that 2 = 1, where we get a surprise, but are able to isolate a trick - and through examination to discover that the argument is invalid, and show just where the problem arises.

of rationality

The second type involves paradoxes of rationality that can occur in infinitistic situations.

the simultaneous presence and absence of social polarization— the fact that while individuals experience attitude homogeneity in their interpersonal networks, their networks are characterized by attitude heterogeneity

The second paradox is the simultaneous presence and absence of social polarization—the fact that while individuals experience attitude homogeneity in their interpersonal networks, their networks are characterized by attitude heterogeneity.

the simultaneous presence and absence of social polarization, the fact that while individuals experienced attitude homogeneity in their interpersonal networks, their networks are characterized by attitude heterogeneity

The second paradox is the simultaneous presence and absence of social polarization, the fact that while individuals experienced attitude homogeneity in their interpersonal networks, their networks are characterized by attitude heterogeneity.

the rejection of the null hypothesis

A second 'paradox', unsolvable by mathematical means alone, is the rejection of the null hypothesis.

with the possibility of loving something that one does not already love

The second paradox deals with the possibility of loving something that one does not already love.

the belief in predestination vs. the need for human action

The second paradox is the belief in predestination vs. the need for human action.

the fear of an impending credit crunch and a prolonged period of illiquidity at a time when the world is awash in cash

The second paradox is the fear of an impending credit crunch and a prolonged period of illiquidity at a time when the world is awash in cash.

to the complexity of the Internet, which is regarded as beneficial within both social imaginaries because it supports the case for resisting intervention on the grounds that only the system’s own elite engineers, authors of complexity, and their masters, or the machine itself can understand the machine

The second paradox refers to the complexity of the Internet, which is regarded as beneficial within both social imaginaries because it supports the case for resisting intervention on the grounds that only the system’s own elite engineers, authors of complexity, and their masters, or the machine itself can understand the machine.

to access to adequate food supply for humans

The second paradox is related to access to adequate food supply for humans.

double paradox

Single paradox is, to repeat, within the bounds of logic, whereas double paradox is beyond those bounds.