the sum of two force components: an inertia force in phase with the local flow acceleration and a drag force proportional to the (signed) square of the instantaneous flow velocity

The Morison equation is the sum of two force components: an inertia force in phase with the local flow acceleration and a drag force proportional to the (signed) square of the instantaneous flow velocity.

a heuristic formulation of the force fluctuations in an oscillatory flow

Limitations The Morison equation is a heuristic formulation of the force fluctuations in an oscillatory flow.

a semi-empirical equation for the inline force on a body in oscillatory flow

In fluid dynamics the Morison equation is a semi-empirical equation for the inline force on a body in oscillatory flow.

two empirical hydrodynamic coefficients

The Morison equation contains two empirical hydrodynamic coefficients—an inertia coefficient and a drag coefficient—which are determined from experimental data.

modelling wave forces

Morison’s equation is widely established in marine engineering for modelling wave forces on slender offshore structures such as oil and gas export lines and mooring lines.

both wave- and earthquake-induced hydrodynamic forces

The Morison equation estimates both wave- and earthquake-induced hydrodynamic forces.

The equation employed in calculating wave forces

The equation employed in calculating wave forces is frequently referred to as the 'Morison' equation.

the relation between these motion parameter and the forces acting on the bilge keel

The Morison equation defines the relation between these motion parameter and the forces acting on the bilge keel.

the only practical method to be used for engineering purposes

In spite of its shortcomings (unstrictness in viewpoint of theoretical analysis and sometimes large error may occur during the calculation), so far the Morison Equation is the only practical method to be used for engineering purposes.

for wave force formulation

The Morison equation is used for wave force formulation, as well as to model the time history of irregular waves, Jonswap spectrum is utilized.

a time-efficient force-estimation method compared with other more complicated hydro-elasticity methods, such as the BEM-FEM direct coupling [11,12], modal superposition with BEM including elastic modes [], and discrete-module-beam methods with multi-body BEM [] 1314,15

Besides, the Morison formula is a time-efficient force-estimation method compared with other more complicated hydro-elasticity methods, such as the BEM-FEM direct coupling [11,12], modal superposition with BEM including elastic modes [13], and discrete-module-beam methods with multi-body BEM [14,15].